20. SME Tax Relief - Deduction of Allowance for Bad and Doubtful Debts 中小企業者の貸倒引当金特例

中小企業者の貸倒引当金特例について英語でまとめてみました。（国税庁ホームページ）

中小法人と中小企業者の優遇税制全般についてはこちら！

Small and medium-sized enterprises ("SMEs") in Japan can be classified broadly into the following two types:

• SMEs under Corporate Tax Law ("CTL"); and
• SMEs under Special Measures Tax Law ("SMTL")

One of the benefits for these SMEs is the deduction of provision for allowance for bad and doubtful debts. See below for details.

For other SME tax benefits, click HERE. For more about Japanese tax, click HERE:

The author of this website is not responsible for any damage or loss arising related to this website.

19. SME Tax Relief - Reduced Corporate Tax Rate 中小法人の法人税の税率

中小法人の法人税の税率について英語でまとめてみました。（国税庁ホームページ）

中小法人と中小企業者の優遇税制全般についてはこちら！

Small and medium-sized enterprises ("SMEs") in Japan can be classified broadly into the following two types:

• SMEs under Corporate Tax Law ("CTL"); and
• SMEs under Special Measures Tax Law ("SMTL")

One of the benefits for these SMEs is a reduced corporate tax rate. See below for details.

For other SME tax benefits click HERE. 

For more about Japanese tax, click HERE:

The author of this website is not responsible for any damage or loss arising related to this website.

18. Major Tax Reliefs for SMEs in Japan 中小法人と中小企業者の優遇税制

中小法人と中小企業者の相違について英語でまとめてみました。（財務省ホームページ）

Small and medium-sized enterprises ("SMEs") in Japan can be classified broadly into the following two types:

• SMEs under Corporate Tax Law ("CTL"); and
• SMEs under Special Measures Tax Law ("SMTL")

Tax benefits to these two types of SMEs vary as follows (source: Ministry of Finance). For more about Japanese tax and accounting, click HERE:

I. Tax benefits available to SMEs under CTL　中小法人の優遇税制
II. Tax benefits available to SMEs under STML　中小企業者の優遇税制

The author of this website is not responsible for any damage or loss arising related to this website.

17. Timing for Deducting Retirement Payments to Directors 役員退職金の損金算入時期

役員退職金の損金算入時期について英語でまとめてみました。（国税庁ホームページ）

Japanese Corporate Tax Law provides the timing for deducting retirement payments to directors as follows (source: National Tax Agency). For more about Japanese tax and accounting, click HERE:

I. General　原則

II. Exceptional treatment　例外

III. Notes　留意事項

The author of this website is not responsible for any damage or loss arising related to this website.

16. Requirements for Deducting Entertainment Expenses 交際費の定義と損金算入額

交際費について英語でまとめてみました。（国税庁ホームページ）

An overview of the requirements for deducting entertainment expenses in Japan is as follows (Source: National Tax Agency). For more about Japanese tax and accounting, click HERE:

1. Definition of entertainment expenses　交際費の定義

2. Deductible entertainment expenses　損金算入可能な交際費

The author of this website is not responsible for any damage or loss arising related to this website.

15. Deductible Directors' Compensation in Japan 役員給与の損金算入

役員給与について英語でまとめてみました。（国税庁ホームページ）

An overview of the requirements for deducting directors' compensation in Japan is as follows (Source: National Tax Agency). For more about Japanese tax and accounting, click HERE:

In Japan, directors' compensation paid by a corporation is deductible only if the compensation falls under any of the following categories. It should be noted that if compensation falls under any of the following but the amount is excessive, the excessive amount is non-deductible: 

1. Periodic Fixed Compensation　定期同額給与
2. Pre-determined Pre-notified Compensation　事前確定届出給与
3. Performance-Based Compensation　業績連動給与

The author of this website is not responsible for any damage or loss arising related to this website.

14. Deferred Capital Gains Tax on Transfers Within A Group 譲渡損益調整資産の譲渡損益の繰延べ

譲渡損益調整資産について英語でまとめてみました。（法人税法61条の13①、法人税法施行令122条の14①）

Capital gains or losses on the transfer of certain assets between Japanese fully controlling and controlled companies must be deferred in Japan (Source: National Tax Agency). See below for details. For more about Japanese tax and accounting, click HERE:

The author of this website is not responsible for any damage or loss arising related to this website.

13. Estimated Corporate Tax Payment in Japan 法人税の予定納税と中間納付

予定納税と中間納付について英語でまとめてみました。（国税庁サイト）

The below is an overview of estimated corporate tax payment in Japan. (Source: National Tax Agency) For more about Japanese tax and accounting, click HERE:

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Estimated tax payment 

A corporation whose fiscal period is more than six months and whose final tax of the last fiscal period is more than JPY200,000 must make an estimated tax payment within two months from the end of the six-month period in any of the following methods unless the corporation is in liquidation or reorganization proceedings:  

1. Payment of tax estimated based on the tax of the last fiscal period 予定申告

2. Payment of tax calculated based on interim closing for the six-month period 中間申告

3. Payment of tax where no estimated/interim tax filing is made みなし申告

The author of this website is not responsible for any damage or loss arising related to this website.

12. R&D Tax Credits in Japan 研究開発税制

研究開発税制の概要を英語にしてみました。

The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry in Japan provides an overview of Japanese R&D tax credits as of 2021. For more about Japanese tax and accounting, click HERE:

1. General type R&D tax credit 一般型

• 1-A. Non-SMEs 中小企業以外
• 1-B. SMEs 中小企業

2. Additional R&D tax credit 上乗せ

3. R&D tax credit for open innovation オープンイノベーション

The author of this website is not responsible for any damage or loss arising related to this website.

11. Various SMEs in Japan 中小法人と中小企業者等

The definitions of small and medium-sized enterprises ("SMEs") vary between tax reliefs. I have summarized such definitions for major tax reliefs below. (Source: National Tax Agency) 

For more about Japanese tax and accounting, click HERE:

1. SMEs for lower corporate tax rate and deduction of bad debt provision at the statutory rate 法人税率、貸倒引当金特例 

2. SMEs for R&D tax credits, income tax credit for wage increases, etc. 研究開発税制 

3. SMEs for capital investment relief, etc. 中小企業投資促進税制

4. SMEs for entertainment expense deduction 交際費損金不算入 

5. SMEs for refunds from tax loss carry-back 欠損金繰り戻しによる還付  

The author of this website is not responsible for any damage or loss arising related to this website.

10. General Anti-Avoidance Rule (GAAR) in Japan 組織再編成に係る行為又は計算の否認

法人税法132条の2を英語にしてみました。

The General Anti-Avoidance Rule for reorganization is provided in Article 132-2 of Corporation Tax Act ("CTA") of Japan. For more about Japanese tax and accounting, click HERE:

The author of this website is not responsible for any damage or loss arising related to this website.